To own Japanese–Light pairing patterns, i upcoming reestimated brand new coefficients and potential rates to the sample leaving out battle-bride-to-be intermarriages
The term of interest is ? rR , from which the odds ratios were calculated. The constraints used in the two models for this effect are described below as design matrices. In the matrix, intermarriages between non-White groups were constrained to be equal (?ten). Models 1 and 2 differ by the specification of the interaction of husbands’ and wives’ race but include the same dimensions selected on the basis of findings in preliminary analyses. The simplified version of the structure of the models (Equation 1), with NrReEvG as the cell frequency, ?o as the intercept, and abbreviated indices and summation signs for categories in each dimension, is as follows:
Model 1 tests the significance of the influences of composition and educational pairing. A BIC value of less than 0 in Model 1 would indicate that the influences are statistically significant. This is because preliminary analyses showed that a simple model that includes only husbands’ race (? r ) and wives’ race (? R ) and their interaction term (? rR ), which excludes other measures from the model, yielded BIC values much greater than zero, which indicate a fit worse than the saturated model (with all multiway interaction effects). Model 2 tests the presence of gender asymmetry in the racial pairing patterns of the resettlement cohort. Intererican wives and White husbands might have become more common than intererican husbands and White wives after WWII. The War Bride Act could have legitimized the former type of intermarriage, and, in addition, had brought in intermarriages of Japanese war-brides and White veteran husbands from overseas. The ? rR terms of the two models, constrained differently with a design matrix to test for evidence of gender asymmetry, are presented in Appendix A (see Journal of ily online source). Each term in the cell represents a dummy variable. The cells with zeros are the omitted categories in the main effects of husbands’ and wives’ race. The off-diagonal cells of ? rR for non-White and non-White pairings are constrained to be equal to capture the effects of these rare intermarriages that are not the focus here. In the design matrix of Model 1, the dummy variable entries are symmetric around the diagonal cells of the table, which indicates gender symmetry. Model 2 includes two additional terms, namely ?eleven for Japanese American wives and White husbands, and ?a dozen for Japanese wives and White husbands, to account for gender asymmetry in the odds of intermarriage.
In the third and final step, we used the better-fit model to estimate the adjusted odds ratios. If Model 2 had a BIC value lower than that of Model 1 for one of the two cohorts, Model 2 was used to estimate both cohorts’ adjusted odds ratios for comparability across cohorts. From the coefficients, we calculated odds ratios by taking the exponent of the coefficients of interest in the design matrix-in the case of Model 2, those terms are ?1, ?3, ?cuatro, ?eight, ?8, ?11, and ?12 (see Harris & Ono, 2005). For Japanese and Whites, for example, the odds ratios of homogamy versus intermarriage calculated from Model 2 are as follows: [exp(?1)exp( catholic singles platinum?4)]/(exp(?8+ ?12)exp(?8)].
War-bride to be intermarriages is intermarriages of the Light experienced husbands and Japanese spouses on resettlement cohort (n = step 1,268, otherwise 84% of White partner and you will Japanese girlfriend people where cohort). This difference would be to drastically increase the odds ratio on resettlement cohort of Japanese’s pairing habits with Whites.
Efficiency
Appendix B (come across Diary away from ily on the web supply) gets the regularity tables, from which i calculated the latest unadjusted odds ratios off homogamy in place of intermarriage having partners composed of Japanese otherwise Japanese Us citizens and Whites on a few marriage cohorts. Numbers 1A and you will 1B inform you the unadjusted chance rates to have Whites and Japanese Us americans and you may Whites and you may Japanese, correspondingly, to your a couple cohorts. If the pairing try Japanese Americans with Whites or Japanese which have Whites, when unadjusted, the fresh new tendency to your homogamy atically to the resettlement cohort versus regarding new prewar cohort. Especially, for pairings regarding Japanese Americans which have Whites on the postwar resettlement cohort, the odds rates y are 410,000 times likely to be versus likelihood of intermarriage before the war and you may 67,100 moments apt to be once they. Getting pairings out of Japanese that have Whites, the latest postwar proportion y was 170,one hundred thousand times likely to be than just intermarriage through to the war and you can dos,900 minutes more likely immediately following they.